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Sturmian Fractals ​

The Collatz dropping sign rule (Parts 4–7 of the Dropping Zeta Spectrum working notes) is a Sturmian cutting sequence of slope log⁡23\log_2 3 — the same complexity class as the Fibonacci word and the symbolic side of irrational rotation. When you feed a Sturmian word into a turtle-graphics program, the curve you get out is a direct geometric fingerprint of the sequence's structure.

This page lets you play with the recipe interactively.

log₂3 Sturmian
Length: 2,896 symbols
+1 density (A): 0.5849
Bounds:

What you're seeing ​

The turtle starts at the purple dot (0, 0) facing right. For each symbol of the chosen sequence it draws a unit segment forward, then maybe turns by the chosen angle. The orange dot is where the curve ends. Color along the path encodes time direction (purple → cyan → yellow).

Two turtle recipes are available:

  • Wikipedia recipe (default) — the canonical Fibonacci-word-fractal rule: turn 90° (or whatever angle you've chosen) only on symbol 0, alternating left/right by the symbol's index parity. This is the rule that produces the famous self-similar Fibonacci curve.
  • Dragon recipe — turn at every step, left on 0 and right on 1. For Sturmian sequences this typically produces bounded diamond-tiling shapes; for high-entropy sequences it produces 2D-Brownian-motion-like blobs.

What the four sequences are ​

SequenceWhat each symbol meansWhere it comes from
log₂3 SturmianGap symbol of the oo-th Collatz dropping class. By the closed form on the L-probe page (argument outlined there; the class counts checked for every o≤400o \le 400) it is the sign of the χ_6 sum over that class: the number of its residue classes whose destinations are 2 modulo 3, minus the number whose destinations are 1 modulo 3. At o=3o = 3 that difference is 0Closed form in Parts 4–7 of the working notes (see the L-probe page)
Fibonacci wordLetter ii of the standard Fibonacci word 0100101001001…0100101001001\ldotsReference Sturmian — slope 1/φ1/\varphi
Stopping-Class parityPo mod 2P_o \bmod 2 where PoP_o = parity-class count of class RkoR_{k_o} (OEIS A100982)An observation from Part 8: over the first 20,000 terms it looks close to coin flips (share of 1s 0.476); nothing is proved
Custom rational p/qp/qCutting sequence of slope p/qp/qPeriodic with period qq (so not Sturmian); for a deep convergent of log⁡23\log_2 3 it matches the log⁡23\log_2 3 word for a long first stretch (52 symbols for 19/1219/12, 358 for 84/5384/53)

Note that none of these are individual Collatz orbits — they are meta-sequences indexed by class number, one symbol per equivalence class. The "Collatz orbit of n=27n=27" panel from the static gallery image lives elsewhere.

Things worth poking at ​

  • Angle 120° on the Sturmian sequences gives beautiful triangular tilings.
  • Angle 90° on log₂3 collapses to the regular rectangular tiling — that's the original "boring" panel.
  • Stopping-Class parity at any angle, dragon recipe: looks like Brownian motion / DLA. That visual is the Part 8 observation: over the range computed, the sequence looks close to coin flips.
  • Custom rational at small q (e.g. 3/23/2, 8/58/5): periodic-ish shapes. At deep convergents like 19/1219/12 or 84/5384/53, the rational sequence is visually identical to log₂3 for short lengths.
  • 3D mode: drag to rotate, scroll to zoom. The 3D Wikipedia recipe alternates yaw / pitch on 0-symbols by index mod 4 — turning the planar fractal into a Hilbert-3D-curve-like structure.

Companion static images with the same recipe, generated by scripts/collatz_fibonacci_fractal.py, scripts/collatz_fractal_variants.py:

  • data/collatz_fibonacci_fractal.png — original 2×2 (Fibonacci ref, log₂3 sign, Stopping-Class parity, orbit of n=27n=27)
  • data/collatz_fractal_angles.png — 2×4 angle scan at 60° / 72° / 90° / 120°
  • data/collatz_fractal_dragon.png — dragon recipe on all four sequences